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Evaluation of the potential effects of ingredients added to cigarettes. Part 3: In vitro genotoxicity and cytotoxicity
Cigarette mainstream smoke from blended cigarettes with and without the addition of ingredients was assayed for its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. In total, 333 ingredients commonly used in cigarette manufacturing were assigned to three different groups. Each group of ingredients was added at a low and a high level to the test cigarettes. The mutagenicity of the particulate phase of the resulting cigarette smoke was assayed in the Salmonella plate incorporation (Ames) assay with tester strains TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535 and TA1537. The cytotoxicity of the gas/vapor phase and the particulate phase was determined in the neutral red uptake assay with mouse embryo BALB/c 3T3 cells. Within the sensitivity and specificity of the test systems, the in vitro mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of the cigarette smoke were not increased by the addition of the ingredients.
Key Challenges and Recommendations for In Vitro Testing of Tobacco Products for Regulatory Applications: Consideration of Test Materials and Exposure Parameters
Quantification and mapping of alkylation in the human genome reveal single nucleotide resolution precursors of mutational signatures
An in vitro evaluation of e-vapor products: The contributions of chemical adulteration, concentration, and device power
Tobacco heating system has less impact on bone metabolism than cigarette smoke
Novel α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators as potential antitussive agents
Differentiating the neuropharmacological properties of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-activating alkaloids
PMIScience.com is operated by Philip Morris International for the purpose of publishing and disseminating scientific information about Philip Morris International’s efforts to develop and assess products that have the potential to reduce individual risk and population harm associated with tobacco use. This site is for use by scientists, the public health and regulatory communities, and other stakeholders with an interest in tobacco policy. The purpose of this site is not for advertising or marketing. It is not intended for use by consumers.
Reduced Risk Products ("RRPs”) is the term we use to refer to products that present, are likely to present, or have the potential to present less risk of harm to smokers who switch to these products versus continuing smoking. PMI has a range of RRPs in various stages of development, scientific assessment and commercialization. Our RRPs are smoke-free products that produce an aerosol that contains far lower quantities of harmful and potentially harmful constituents than found in cigarette smoke.