Literature Reviews

Literature reviews and summaries of studies on our smoke-free products

We encourage scientists and non-scientists alike to explore the research on smoke-free products. We’ve summarized some of our research in a more reader-friendly way, complete with links to the research publications for those who would like more in-depth information. These literature reviews also include some reviews of independent publications as well.

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Assessment program

17 Results

How heated tobacco products helped reduce smoking in Japan

Literature review

How heated tobacco products helped reduce smoking in Japan

Japan was the first country to launch Philip Morris International’s (PMI’s) Tobacco Heating System (THS), commercialized as IQOS, and has since witnessed a large decline in cigarette smoking.

Feb 10, 2026
Study measuring differences in biomarkers of potential harms after 2+ years of THS use compared with cigarette smoking

Literature review

Study measuring differences in biomarkers of potential harms after 2+ years of THS use compared with cigarette smoking

Learn more about PMI’s recently published study on the real-world effects of switching from cigarette smoking to THS use on biomarkers of potential harm

Mar 11, 2025
Effects of switching to a heat-not-burn product on biomarkers of potential harm

Literature review

Effects of switching to a heat-not-burn product on biomarkers of potential harm

Explore how switching to the Tobacco Heating System (THS) impacts biomarkers of potential harm relevant to cancer, COPD, and cardiovascular disease.

Aug 14, 2024
Reduced exposure to HPHCs in smokers after switching from cigarettes to THS

Literature review

Reduced exposure to HPHCs in smokers after switching from cigarettes to THS

Clinical studies show less exposure to harmful chemicals in smokers who completely switch to THS compared with those who continue smoking.

Apr 6, 2023
Development of a multicellular model for assessing anti-inflammatory compounds

Literature review

Development of a multicellular model for assessing anti-inflammatory compounds

PMI researchers developed a biologically relevant intestinal cell culture system to assess anti-inflammatory effects of natural compounds. Learn more here.

Jul 29, 2021
An alternative to animal use in risk assessment of tobacco products

Literature review

An alternative to animal use in risk assessment of tobacco products

Explore how organ-on-a-chip technology offers a promising alternative to animal testing in tobacco product risk assessment.

Aug 5, 2021

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Reduced Risk Products ("RRPs”) is the term we use to refer to products that present, are likely to present, or have the potential to present less risk of harm to smokers who switch to these products versus continuing smoking. PMI has a range of RRPs in various stages of development, scientific assessment and commercialization. All of our RRPs are smoke-free products that deliver nicotine with far lower quantities of harmful and potentially harmful constituents than found in cigarette smoke.